Teaching Points
- Recurrent pneumonia - 2 episodes within the same year, or 3 or more episodes over any time period. For a child to be diagnosed with recurrent pneumonia, there must be complete resolution of clinical and radiological findings between acute episodes.
- Persistent or non-resolving pneumonia - when there is clinical and radiological evidence of pneumonia despite adequate treatment for a month.
- Plain chest x-ray is indicated initially, with comparison to previous films essential
- Further investigations are dictated by the most likely diagnosis, based on the age of the child, the onset of symptoms and findings on clinical history and examination. CT of the chest or bronchoscopy may be indicated.
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