References
- Nicolaides KH, Azar G, Snijders RJM, Gosden CM. Fetal nuchal edema. associated malformations and chromosomal defects. Fetal Diagn Ther 1992;7:123-31. (Level III evidence)
- Nicolaides KH, Azar G, Byrne D, Mansur C, Marks K. Fetal nuchal translucency: ultrasound screening for chromosomal defects in first trimester of pregnancy. BMJ 1992;304:867-89. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
- Souka AP, Krampl E, Bakalis S, Heath V, Nicolaides KH. Outcome of pregnancy in chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester. Ultrasound Gynecol 2001;18:9-17. (Level III evidence)
- Whitlow BJ, Economides DL. The optimal gestational age to examine fetal anatomy and measure nuchal translucency in the first trimester. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998;11:258-61. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
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- Nicolaides KH. Nuchal translucency and other first-trimester sonographic markers of chromosomal abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:45-67. (Review article)
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- Cicero S, Ciarcio P, Papageorghiore A, et al. Absence of nasal bone in fetuses with trisomy 21 at 11-14 weeks gestation: an observational study. Lancet 2001;358:1165-7. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
- Zoppi MA, Ibba RM, Axiana C, et al. Absence of fetal nasal bone and aneuploidies at first-trimester nuchal translucency screening in unselected pregnancies. Prenat Diagn 2003;23:496-500. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
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