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Diagnostic Imaging Pathways - Shoulder Pain/Instability
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References

  1. Stiles RG, Otte MT. Imaging of the shoulder. Radiology 1993;188:603-13.
  2. Jim YF, Chang CY, Wu JJ, et al. Shoulder impingement syndrome: impingement view and arthrography study based on 100 cases. Skeletal Radiology 1992;21:449-51. (Level III evidence)
  3. De Smet AA. Anterior oblique projection in radiography of the traumatized shoulder. AJR 1980;134(3):515-8. (Level II/III evidence)
  4. Silfverskiold JP, Straehley DJ, Jones WW. Roentgenographic evaluation of suspected shoulder dislocation: prospective study comparing the axillary view and the scapular "Y" view. Orthopaedics 1990;13(1):63-9. (Level II/III evidence). Click here to view reference
  5. De Smet AA. Axillary projects in radiography of the non-traumatized shoulder. AJR 1980;134(3):511-4. (Level II/III evidence)
  6. Castagno AA, Shuman WP, Kilcoyne RF, et al. Complex fractures of the proximal humerus: role of CT in treatment. Radiology 1987;165(3):759-62. (Level IV evidence)
  7. Jurik AG, Alberchtsen J. The use of computed tomography with two- and three-dimensional reconstructions in the diagnosis of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus. Clinical Radiology 1994;49:800-4. (Level IV evidence)
  8. Billet FP, Schmitt WG, Gay B. Computed tomography in traumatology with special regard to the advances of three-dimensional display. Archives of orthopaedic and Traumatic Surgery 1992;111;131-7.
  9. Nelson MC, Leather GP, Nirschl RP, et al. Evaluation of the painful shoulder: a prospective comparison of magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomographic arthrography, ultrasonography, and operative findings. J Bone & Joint Surgery 1991;73-A:707-16. (Level III evidence)
  10. Chandnani V, Yeager T, de Berardino T, et al. Glenoid labral tears: prospective evaluation with MRI imaging, MR arthrography, and CT arthrography. AJR 1993;161:1229-35. (Level II/III evidence)
  11. Wilson AJ, Totty WG, Murphy WA, et al. Shoulder joint: arthrographic CT and long-term follow up, with surgical correlation. Radiology 1989;173:329-33. (Level III evidence)
  12. Rafii M, Firooznia H, Golimbu C, et al. CT arthrography of capsular structures of the shoulder. AJR 1986;146:361-7. (Level III evidence)
  13. Teefey SA, Hasan SA, Middleton WD, et al. Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff: a comparison of ultrasonographic and arthroscopic findings in one hundred consecutive cases. J Bone & Joint Surgery 2000;82-A(4):498-504. (Level III evidence)
  14. Wiener SN, Seitz WH Jr. Sonography of the shoulder in patients with tears of the rotator cuff: accuracy and value for selecting surgical options. AJR 1993;160:103-7. (Level II/III evidence). Click here to view reference
  15. Brenneke SI, Morgan CJ. Evaluation of ultrasonography as a diagnostic technique in the assessment of rotator cuff tendon tears. Am J Sports Med 1992;20:287-9. (Level III evidence)
  16. Swen WAA, Jacobs JWG, Algra PR, et al. Sonography and magnetic resonance imaging equivalent for the assessment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Arthritis & Rheumatism 1999; 42: 2231-8. (Level III evidence)
  17. Pevny T, Hunter RE, Freeman JR. Primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in patients 40 years of age and older. Arthroscopy 1998;14:289-94. (Level III evidence)
  18. Balich SM, Sheley RC, Brown TR, et al. MR imaging of the rotator cuff tendon: interobserver agreement and analysis of interpretive errors. Radiology 1997;204:191-4. (Level III evidence)
  19. Quinn S, Sheley R, Demlow T, et al. Rotator cuff tendon tears: evaluation with fat-suppressed MR imaging with arthroscopic correlation in 100 patients. Radiology 1995;195:497-501. (Level III evidence)
  20. Iannotti JP, Zlatkin MB, Esterhai JL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder: sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. J Bone & Joint Surgery 1991;73-A(1):17-29. (Level II/III evidence). Click here to view reference
  21. Blanchard TK, Bearcroft PW, Constant CR, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic impact of MRI and arthrography in the investigation of full thickness rotator cuff tears. European Radiology 1999;9:638-42. (Level II/III evidence). Click here to view reference
  22. Holder J, Kurunoglu-Brahme S, Snyder S, et al. Rotator cuff disease: assessment with MR arthrography versus standard MR imaging in 36 patients with arthroscopic confirmation. Radiology 1992;182:431-6. (Level III evidence)
  23. Palmer WE, Brown JH, Rosenthal DI. Labral-ligamentous complex of the shoulder: evaluation with MR arthrography. Radiology 1994;190:645-51. (Level III evidence)
  24. Jee W-H, McCauley TR, Katz LD, et al. Superior labral anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions of the glenoid labrum: reliability and accuracy of MR arthrography for diagnosis. Radiology 2001;218:127-32. (Level III evidence)

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