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Diagnostic Imaging Pathways - Suspected Pancreatic Cancer
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References

  1. Trede M, Schwall G, Saeger HD. Survival after pancreatoduodenectomy: 118 consecutive resections without an operative mortality. Ann Surg 1990;211:447-58. (Level IV evidence)
  2. Megibow AJ, Zhou XH, Rotterdam H, et al. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: CT versus MR imaging in the evaluation of resectability - report of the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group. Radiology 1995;195:327-32. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  3. Freeny PC, Traverso LW, Ryan JA. Diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with dynamic computed tomography. Am J Surg 1993;165:600-6. (Level III evidence)
  4. Valls C, Andia E, Sanchez A, et al. Dual phase helical CT of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: assessment of resectability before surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002;178:821-6. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  5. Lu DS, Reber HA, Krasny RM, et al. Local staging of pancreatic cancer: criteria for unresectability of major vessels as revealed by pancreatic-phase, thin section helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1439-43. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  6. Bluemke DA, Cameron JL, Hruban RH, et al. Potentially resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: spiral CT assessment and surgical and pathological correlation. Radiology 1995;197:381-5. (Level III evidence)
  7. Bares R, Dohman BM, Cremerius U, Fass J, Teusch M, Bull U et al. Results of positron emission tomography with fluorine-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose in differential diagnosis and staging of pancratic carcinoma. Radiologe 1996;36:435-40 (Level III evidence)
  8. Delbeke D, Rose DM, Chapman WC, et al. Optimal interpretation of FDG PET in the diagnosis, staging and management of pancreatic carcinoma. J Nucl Med 1999;40:1784-91. (Level III evidence)
  9. Fröhlich A, Diederichs CG, Staib L, et al. Detection of liver metastases from pancreatic cancer using FDG PET. J Nucl Med 1999;40:250-55. (Level III evidence)
  10. Zimny M, Bares R, Fass J, et al. Fluorine-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma: a report of 106 cases. Eur J Nucl Med 1997;24:678-82. (Level III evidence)
  11. Yusoff IF, Mendelson RM, Edmunds SEJ, et al. Preoperative assessment of pancreatic malignancy using endoscopic ultrasound. Abdom Imaging 28;556-62. (Level III evidence)
  12. Nakaizumi A, Uehara H, Iishi H, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40:696-700. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  13. Yasuda K, Mukai H, Fujimoto S, et al. The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by endoscopic ultrasonography. Gastrointest Endosc 1988;34:1-8. (Level III evidence)
  14. Brügel M, Rummeny EJ, Dobritz M. Vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer: value of multislice CT. Abdom Imaging 2004;29:239-45. (Pictorial Essay)
  15. Ramsay D, Marshall M, Song S, et al. Identification and staging of pancreatic tumours using computed tomography, endoscopic ultrasound and mangafodipir trisodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Australasian Radiology 2004;48:154-61. (Level III evidence)
  16. Palazzo L, Roseau G, Gayet B, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonograph in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Results of a prospective study with comparison to ultrasonography and CT scan. Endoscopy 1993;25:143-50. (Level III evidence)
  17. Tio TL, Sie LH, Kallimanis G, et al. Staging of ampullary and pancreatic carcinoma: comparison between endosonography and surgery. Gastrointest Endosc 1996;44:706-13. (Level III evidence)
  18. Grimm H, Maydeo A, Soehendra N. Endoluminal ultrasound for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol 1990;4:869-88. (Review article)
  19. Müller MF, Meyenberger C, Bertschinger P, Schaer R, Marincek B. Pancreatic tumors: evaluation with endoscopic US, CT, and MR imaging. Radiology 1994;190:745-51. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  20. Prokesch RW, Chow LC, Beaulieu CF, et al. Local staging of pancreatic carcinoma with multi-detector row CT: use of curved planar reformations - initial experience. Radiology 2002;225:759-65. (Level II evidence). Click here to view reference
  21. Lyrtas D, Connor S, Bosonnet L et al. Positron emission tomography does not add to computed tomography for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Dig Surg 2005; 22:55-62. (Level III evidence)
  22. Heinrich S, Goerres GW, Schafer M et al. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography influences on the management of resectable pancreatic cancer and its cost effectiveness. Ann Surg 2005; 242:235-243. (Level III evidence)
  23. Bipat S, Phoa SS, van Delden OM et al. Ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis and determining resectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis. Journal of computer assisted tomography 2005 Jul-Aug;29(4);438-445. (Level I-II evidence)
  24. Diehl SJ, Lehmann KJ, Sadick M, Lachmann R, Georgi M. Pancreatic cancer: value of dual-phase helical CT in assessing resectability. Radiology 1998 Feb;206(2);373-378. (Level III evidence)
  25. Lee JK, Kim AY, Kim PN, Lee MG, Ha HK. Prediction of vascular involvement and resectability by multidetector-row CT versus MR imaging with MR angiography in patients who underwent surgery for resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. European journal of radiology 2008 Dec 12. (Level III evidence)
  26. Manak E, Merkel S, Klein P, Papadopoulos T, Bautz WA, Baum U. Resectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: assessment using multidetector-row computed tomography with multiplanar reformations. Abdominal imaging 2009 Jan-Feb;34(1);75-80. (Level III evidence)
  27. Vargas R, Nino-Murcia M, Trueblood W, Jeffrey RB, Jr. MDCT in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: prediction of vascular invasion and resectability using a multiphasic technique with curved planar reformations. Ajr 2004 Feb;182(2);419-425. (Level III evidence)
  28.  Ichikawa T, Erturk SM, Sou H et al. MDCT of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: optimal imaging phases and multiplanar reformatted imaging. Ajr 2006 Dec;187(6);1513-1520. (Level III evidence)
  29.  Itani KM, Taylor TV, Green LK. Needle biopsy for suspicious lesions of the head of the pancreas: pitfalls and implications for therapy. J Gastrointest Surg. Jul-Aug 1997;1(4):337-41. (Level II-III evidence)
  30.  Hartwig W, Schneider L, Diener MK, Bergmann F, Bchler MW, Werner J. Preoperative tissue diagnosis for tumours of the pancreas. Br J Surg. 2009 Jan;96(1):5-20. (Level I-II evidence)
  31.  Bret PM, Nicolet V, Labadie M. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the pancreas. Diagn Cytopathol 1986; 2: 221–227. (Review)
  32.  Micames C, Jowell PS,White R et al. Lower frequency of peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed by EUS-guided FNA vs. percutaneous FNA. Gastrointest Endosc 2003; 58: 690–695. (Level III evidence)
  33.  Horwhat JD, Paulson EK, McGrath K et al. A randomized comparison of EUS-guided FNA versus CT or US-guided FNA for the evaluation of pancreatic mass lesions. Gastrointest Endosc 2006; 63: 966–975. (Level II evidence)
  34. Volmar KE, Vollmer RT, Jowell PS, Nelson RC, Xie HB. Pancreatic FNA in 1000 cases: a comparison of imaging modalities. Gastrointest Endosc 2005; 61: 854–861. (Level III evidence)

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